European Central Bank (ECB) President Christine Lagarde has called for a payments revolution in Europe, urging the region to break free from its dependence on U.S. and Chinese digital payment giants such as Visa, Mastercard, PayPal, and Alipay.

Speaking on The Pat Kenny Show, Lagarde described the initiative as a “march towards independence,” stressing the need for Europe to build its own alternative payment platform to ensure financial sovereignty. “Visa, MasterCard, PayPal and Alipay are all controlled by American or Chinese companies,” she noted. “We should make sure there is a European offer.”

Her remarks come amid renewed momentum around the Capital Markets Union (CMU) — an EU project aimed at creating a seamless capital market across member states. Lagarde emphasized that a fully integrated capital market could not only boost investment and improve financial access for businesses and individuals but also pave the way for broader fiscal integration.

Estimates from the European Parliamentary Research Service (EPRS) suggest that completing the CMU and further deepening the Economic and Monetary Union could add over €2.8 trillion to the EU’s GDP by 2032, with at least €321 billion tied directly to these reforms.

Despite the clear economic incentives, Lagarde acknowledged the steep challenges in building a European alternative to existing global payment platforms. Key obstacles include:

  • Profitability pressures: Europe’s lower interchange fees make it harder for payment providers to sustain high margins.
  • Heavy upfront investment: Developing secure, scalable infrastructure to rival global players would require significant funding.
  • Adoption barriers: Shifting consumer habits, gaining merchant acceptance, and securing broad bank participation would be complex tasks.
  • Technical challenges: Ensuring strong security, fraud protection, and cross-border compatibility would demand major innovation.
  • Governance coordination: Aligning member states and EU institutions on strategy and oversight would be critical for success.

Lagarde’s call highlights growing concerns in Europe about technological sovereignty, particularly as financial services become increasingly digital and geopolitically sensitive.

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